Some Aspects of Optical Spatial Solitons in Photorefractive Crystals

摘要

We have reviewed recent developments of some aspects of optical spatialsolitons in photorefractive media. Underlying principles governing the dynamicsof photorefractive nonlinearity have been discussed using band transport model.Nonlinear dynamical equations for propagating solitons have been derivedconsidering single as well as two-photon photorefractive processes. Fundamentalproperties of three types of solitons, particularly, screening, photovoltaicand screening photovoltaic solitons have been considered. For each type ofsolitons, three different configurations i.e., bright, dark and gray varietieshave been considered. Mechanisms of formation of these solitons due to singleas well as two-photon photorefractive processes have been considered and theirself bending discussed. Vector solitons, particularly, incoherently coupledsolitons due to single photon and two-photon photorefractive phenomena havebeen highlighted. Existence of some missing solitons have been also pointedout.